Every seven years, a healthy human body completely replaces every single bone cell.

每七年，健康的人体的骨骼会更新一遍。

These are mature bone cells that monitor and maintain your bone matrix.

这些成熟的骨监控和维持你的骨骼基质。

Osteonecrosis, the collapse of bones due to the decrease of blood flow to bone cells.

骨坏死，由于流向骨的血流量减少而导致的骨骼塌陷。

In between neighboring lamellae, there are spaces called lacunae, which contain bone cells called osteocytes.

相邻的同心薄片之间的空间叫做陷窝，其中包含骨。

Now, for bones to grow and develop properly, special bone cells, called osteoblasts, are hard at work.

在骨正常的生长育过程中，有一种特殊的骨，成骨，起了至关重要的作用。

So each of those held one bone cell.

所以每个人都有一个骨。

They can become anything they want: a brain cell, a heart cell, a bone cell, a lung cell, any adult cell type.

一个脑，一个心，一个骨，一个肺，任何一种成熟。

In the center of these osteons, there are hollow spaces called Haversian canals, which contain the blood supply and innervation for the bone cells.

在这些骨单位的中心，这个中空的部分被称作哈弗斯管，提供了为骨供应血液以及神经支配的空间。

Thanks to extensive studies on modern animals, we know that these bone cells or Osteons, are laid down in distinctive and different ways by endotherms and ectotherms.

由于对现代动物的广泛研究，我们知道这些骨或骨是由吸热动物和变温动物以独特和不同的方式产生的。

To find out how, Bruce Spiegelman and his colleagues at the Dana Farber Cancer Institute and Harvard Medical School took cultured bone cells and located the receptor to which irisin binds.

为了弄清改善方式，布鲁斯·斯皮格尔曼和他在达纳法伯癌症研究所以及哈佛院的同事提取了培养骨，并定位了鸢尾素结合的受体。

Malignant tumors can either be primary which is when they arise from the bone cells, or secondary, which is when a tumor developed somewhere else in the body, metastasized, and spread to the bones.

恶性肿瘤可以是原性的，即起源于骨，或者是继性的，即源于身体其他部位的肿瘤转移并扩散到骨骼而形成。

Compact bone tissue on the other hand is quite dense, with no visible spaces. It forms the external layer of your bones and stores calcium for bone cells to use to make more tissue.

骨质致密，没有可见的空隙，形成骨骼的外层，储存钙，供骨用来制造更多的组织。